汉语翻转结构的句法生成

The Syntax of the Flip-flop Construction in Mandarin Chinese

  • 摘要: 本文提出了汉语翻转结构的“两个动词分析”法。据此分析,句式“五个人吃了一锅饭”中,谓语动词“吃”为常规及物动词,而句式“一锅饭吃了五个人”中,“吃”为不及物性系动词,类似于英语中的measure、weigh等度量动词;两个句式之间不存在结构上的转换关系,各自的句法生成方式很不一样,因此两者之间存在诸多的语义与句法差异。

     

    Abstract: This paper proposes a ’two-verb analysis‘ of the Chinese flip-flop construction.Under this analysis,a verb like chi (eat) in wu ge ren chi le yi guo fan (five people ate one pot of rice) is a canonical transitive verb,while the same verb chi (eat) in wu ge ren chi le yi guo fan (one pot of rice was supplied to five people to eat) is an intransitive copular verb,which resembles measure verbs such as measure and weigh in English.The two sentence structures are not transformationally related and each has its own distinct way of syntactic derivation,accounting for all the semantic and syntactic differences between them.

     

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