基于语料库的“历史语篇分析”(DHA)的过程与价值——以美国主流媒体对希拉里邮件门的话语建构为例

Processes and Values of Corpus-Based Discourse-Historical Analysis: A Case Study of Discursive Constructions of Clinton Email in American Mainstream Media

  • 摘要: Ruth Wodak的历史语篇分析法(Discourse-Historical Approach,简称DHA)关注政治领域,强调政治话语的社会历史语境并追踪话语事件的历时演变轨迹。本文以DHA为理论框架,结合语料库方法,从命名策略、述谓策略和视角化策略出发,通过关键词分析和索引分析,发现美国主流媒体对2016年总统选举时邮件门的报道,经历了负面到正面的态度转变,对该事件的建构经历了从群外到群内的历时转变。这种转变主要归因于美国主流媒体根据不同时期事态发展的需要而采取不同的话语策略,凸显了媒体为政治精英背书的政治立场和意识形态。本研究充分显示出DHA理论与语料库相结合是分析政治话语中意识形态的有效工具。

     

    Abstract: Ruth Wodak's Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) focuses on political fields, emphasizes political discourses' social-historical context, and traces the diachronic change of discursive events.Starting from strategies of nomination, predication and perspectivization in DHA and combining corpus techniques, the research, through analyzing keywords and concordance lines, reveals that news reports about Clinton email in American mainstream media during the 2016 US presidential campaign affect attitude change from negative to positive, and that discursive constructions of this event go through a diachronic change from out-group to in-group.This transformation is mainly embodied in different discursive strategies employed by the media to meet different needs at different stages, highlighting media's political stance and ideology endorsing political elites.The study shows that combining DHA and corpus techniques is an effective tool for analyzing ideology in political discourse.

     

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