政治话语的批评隐喻分析——以特朗普演讲为例

Investigating Political Discourse from the Perspective of CMA: A Case Study on Trump's Speeches

  • 摘要: 批评隐喻分析(Critical Metaphor Analysis,CMA)运用语用学、认知语言学和语料库的方法对话语中的隐喻进行分析,以揭示隐含在话语背后的话语群体的真实态度、意向和情感。本文以美国总统特朗普赢得大选前后的四篇演讲为例,运用批评隐喻分析的模型对其中的政治隐喻进行分析,从而揭示话语背后的真正含义。研究表明:特朗普在演讲中大量使用体育类隐喻,更倾向于将国际形势比作是竞赛,而不是战争;在政治话语中,政治家们常常借用隐喻来达到劝说和表达的目的,我们可以借助批评隐喻分析模型展开分析并揭示话语背后真正的政治意图。

     

    Abstract: CMA (Critical Metaphor Analysis) analyzes metaphors in discourse by applying pragmatics, cognitive linguistics, and corpus-based methods so as to reveal the true attitudes, intentions, and emotions of discursive communities implied in their discourses. In this paper, the authors analyze the political metaphors in Trump's 4 speeches in the framework of CMA with an aim to reveal the true meaning behind the discourse. It is found that Trump used a lot of sports metaphors in his speeches, and preferred to compare the international situation with competition instead of with war. In political discourses, politicians often use metaphor for the purpose of persuasion and expression. We can reveal the true political intentions behind the discourse by utilizing the CMA model.

     

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