Abstract:
The mirativity is a universal category in human language, but so far we have little knowledge on the generative mechanism of mirativity. By analyzing the structure of “gei(give)+VP” , this paper finds that: 1) Like the ordinary mirativity, the “gei(give)+VP” mirativity also needs to meet the three generative conditions of realis, expectation and probability. Different from the ordinary mirativity, the “gei(give)+VP” expectation is certain and only includes type-A expectation (to make…benefit) and type-B expectation (to allow... get and handle); and the “gei(give)+VP” has more obvious mirativity tendency when the VP is not a benefit event but a damaged event. 2) The generation of “gei(give)+VP” mirativity is the result of combined effect of semantic, syntactic and pragmatic mechanisms. Semantically, the Seesaw Effect creates conditions for the development of “gei(give)” to “yunxu(allow)”,“wei(for)”,“ba(handle)”, “bei(passive)”, and mirativity meanings; syntactically, the default mechanism of NP reduces the access constraint of predicates and promotes the first big development of “gei(give)+VP” mirativity; pragmatically, the modulation mechanism of speaker breaks through the semantic constraints of predicates, which allows beneficiary and damaged predicates can freely generate unexpected understandings, and contributes to the second major development of “gei(give)+VP” mirativity. 3) As for the function of “gei(give)”, it is not to heighten the effect on the verb or sentence, as previous studies claimed, but rather to heighten the effect on the speaker.