面向老年人的劝说言语行为多模态语用分析

A Multimodal Pragmatic Analysis of Illocution of Persuasion Towards Older Adults

  • 摘要: 在我国人口老龄化日益严重的当下,“老人不听劝”成为社会热点难题。如何有效劝说老年人不仅是社会问题,也应该引起语言学界的关注。本文将面向老年人的劝说言语行为作为研究对象,在多模态语用学的视域下,基于言语行为八位集组模型对“劝说”进行言语行为概念分析;基于现实生活中的真实语料对“劝说”进行情境分析,旨在探察面向老年人的劝说言语行为所具有的语用特征,同时关注老年人的反应,说明劝说言语行为的实施过程及其效果,进而提出劝说老年人时要遵循的三个原则以及可采取的言语策略和非言语策略。为老年商品销售、老年普法、防诈反诈等以“劝说”为交流内容的行业提供有效劝说的借鉴,拓展了传统言语行为研究维度,又为积极老龄化贡献学术智慧。

     

    Abstract: Along with China’s population unceasingly getting older, the problem of “older adults resistance to persuasion” has already become an important social problem. How to persuade older adults is not only a problem which the whole society faces, but also a topic which the field of linguistics needs to carry out research on. This study attempts to explore the illocution of persuasion which targets older adults from the perspective of multimodal pragmatics, therefore it uses the octet of illocutionary acts to carry out the conceptual analysis of “persuasion”. By employing authentic real-life data, this study conducts a situational analysis of persuasion, in order to probe the pragmatic characteristics of persuasion that is directed at older adults, and to examine the responses that they give. It expounds the process of persuasion implementation and its effects, and puts forward three guiding principles and multiple verbal and nonverbal strategies for the communication with older adults. Furthermore, this paper provides effective persuasive reference for domains including selling goods for older adults, legal knowledge education for older adults, and cheating prevention, thus it broadens the range of traditional studies on speech acts and contributes active aging.

     

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