CLISC3数据库感官动词的共词化分析:共词化模式与区域分布和谱系分类

Colexification Analysis of Perception Verbs in the Database of CLISC3: Colexification Patterns with Macroarea and Genealogy

  • 摘要: 感官动词意义复杂,可以编码感官义和非感官义。感官动词语义扩张在不同区域和语系之间是否具有跨语言共性?本文选取825种语言,结合“共词化”概念,使用“最优社区检测”算法,通过关系化网络研究感官动词感官义和非感官义之间的联系。感官动词四种典型共词化模式为:<受控动作感官义,不受控经历感官义>、<受控动作感官义,动作义>、<不受控经历感官义,认知义>、<感官义,感觉器官义>。在此基础上,讨论了感官动词共词化模式同区域分布和谱系分类的关系。结果表明,不同区域间感官动词共词化模式差异显著(p=1.205e−12),表现出较为显著的区域特征;而同一区域内不同谱系之间差异不显著,体现出较多区域内共性。本文的方法也可应用于词汇多义性和功能词多功能性研究。

     

    Abstract: Perception verbs exhibit varied semantic attributes, encompassing both perceptual and non-perceptual senses. If semantic extension of perception verbs shares the common patterns across areas and language families. This paper, based on a dataset covering 825 languages, employs colexification with the methodology of “optimal community detection” to discover the interplay between perceptual and non-perceptual meanings of perception verbs. This investigation identifies four typical colexification patterns of perception verbs: <controlled activities perceptional meaning, noncontrolled experience perceptional meaning>, <controlled activities perceptional meaning, action meaning>, <noncontrolled experience perceptional meaning, cognitive meaning>, and <perceptional meaning, sense organ meaning>. Subsequently, it examines the relationships between these colexification patterns, macroareal distribution, and genealogical classification. The result shows significant disparities in colexification patterns across macroareal divisions (p=1.205e−12), stressing distinct areal-specific tendencies. In contrast, distinctions based on genealogical classification appear insignificant, highlighting the prevalence of intra-areal universals. Additionally, the methodological framework presented here are adaptable for lexical polysemy and multifunctionality of function words on a broader scale.

     

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