外国语

外国语 ›› 2020, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 73-83.

• 语言研究 • 上一篇    

神经科学的发展与具身语义学的兴起

周频   

  1. 上海海事大学 外国语学院, 上海 201306
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-17 发布日期:2021-01-13
  • 作者简介:周频,女,博士,副教授。研究方向:语言哲学、神经语言学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金项目"英、汉原型情绪的概念化研究"（17BYY041）

The Advent of Embodied Semantics Along with the Advancing Neuroscience

ZHOU Pin   

  1. College of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
  • Received:2020-04-17 Published:2021-01-13

摘要： 本文通过对语义理论发展脉络的梳理指出，传统的语义理论大多是基于哲学思辨、逻辑分析、语用推理或基于对语言现象的内省、概括和推衍，有些解释尚未得到神经科学的验证，尤其是抽象概念的具身表征一直未得到科学的解释。具身语义学是神经科学与语义学融合产生的新的语义研究范式。本文将具身语义学分为两个发展阶段：基于外感受的阶段和基于内感受的阶段，并指出基于外感受和"以脑为中心"的具身语义学只能解释具体概念的具身性，却无法完全解释抽象词义的具身性。结合内感受神经科学的相关理论和证据，本文提出抽象概念的具身表征部分来自身体的内感受系统。最后，本文从通道性、具身性、稳定性、经验性、哲学基础和研究方法论等维度比较了不同语义理论的特点，指出神经科学的发展将更新传统的认知观、具身心智观和语义观。今后的语义理论研究不仅需要整合哲学、社会学、人类学、语言学等的相关研究，还需融合神经科学的维度，才能建构更加科学、系统、全面的语义理论。

关键词: 具身语义学, 神经科学, 内感受, 抽象概念

Abstract: A brief review of the traditional semantic theories evolving from logical semantics, situational semantics to cognitive semantics reveals that they are somewhat grounded on over-simplified or erroneous assumptions, lacking compelling evidence from neuroscientific studies.The embodiment of abstract concepts has long been an unresolved controversy among philosophers, psychologists, linguists and so on.The paradigm of embodied semantics has emerged from the integration of semantics with neuroscience.It is argued that developments in the fields of neuroscience support an embodiment view of semantic representation that concrete concepts are grounded in our sensory-motor experience, the embodiment of abstract concepts should be partially attributed to the interoceptive systems of the body.comparing major semantic theories in the dimensions of modality, embodiment, stability, experienceness, philosophical assumption and methodology, the author proposes that future semantic theories should be built upon more solid foundations by integrating neuroscience with existing philosophical, sociological, anthropological and linguistic phenomenological approaches.

Key words: embodied semantics, neuroscience, interoception, abstract concepts

中图分类号: 

  • H030
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